Improvement in swivel-plows



110115110011, HowE L 110111155.

SwiveI Plow,

No. 103,187. 1 Patend May 17, 1870.

t FREDERICK HOLBEOOK,'OE BRATTLEEOEOUGH, VERMONT, AND'JAMEs A.

HOWE AND `JOEL NOURSE, OF VBOSTON,,ASSIGNORS TO JOEL NOURSE,

`OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN` swivEL-PLows.

' Specification `forming part of Letters Patent No. 103,187, dated May 17, 1870.

1'0 all/whom #may concern: V Y

Be it known Vthat we, FREDERICK HOL- BROOK, of Brattleborough, in the county of Windham, State olVermont, JAMES AHOWE, l of- Bostomin the county ot' Suffolk, State of Massachusetts, and JOEL NoURsE, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk, State of Massachu- V setts, have invented a new and Improved Method of Constructing Swivel-Flows; and we do hereby declare A that the following is a full and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, forming "part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is 'a side elevation with the moldboard arranged to turn a furrow to the right. Fig. 2 is a side elevation with the mold-board arranged to turn a furrow to the left. Fig. 3

u is a birds-eye view. Fig. 4 is a rear end elevation. Fig. 5 is a transverse section through the beam and cutter arranged to turn a furrow to the left.

Since the introduction of mowing-machines it has been found verydesirable to avoid the dead-furrow,7 so called, which results from theusc of thecommon plow. Theside-hillplows have been resorted to, but they do not answer the purpose on levelland, as they will not turn the furrow over flat, or do finished work or thor ough plowing, but leave the land rough and in ridges, and they are liable to load or clog in an adhesive soil on the concave portion of the mold-board.v

The nature of our invention consists princi pally in constructing `a swivel-plow in such a Vmanner that while it is adapted to the plowing of hillsides in a superior and thorough manner, it will turn a deep Hat furrow on a level surface, will pulverize the soil thoroughly, and at the same time present such a surface to the furrow-slice that it may be turned with the least amount of draft or power, and will run free and not clog or load while being 4operated in tine-loamy or rich adhesive soil.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use` our ,inventiomwe will proceed to' describe 'its construction and operation.

A is the beam; B B, the handles; C, the4 gage-wheel; D,the cutter; E, the bolt that holds the cutter in the beam. F is the landside and standard. G is the share. H isa swivel-brace. I is the changeable brace. J is the mold-board. K and K are bolts that fasten the landside to the beam. L is a projection on the beam, to which the rear end ot' the frame P ofthe gage-wheel O is attached. t

We construct the beam, handles, landside, Svc., of any desirable material and convenient form, but we construct the mold-board convex and elliptical, in such a manner thatas'traightedge will fit the mold-board along the lines m and n. (Shown in Figs. l and 3.)

The mold-board is pivoted to the landside and standard in the usual manner, and 'held in its position by means of the swivel Q on the landside, and swivel-brace H andthe cha-nge able brace I.

The share and mold-board are confined together with bolts, and so constructed that the standard and landside stand beveling with the surface of the soil, so as to'cut the furrow ,under the landside when it is turning a furrow either to the right orleft. This is accomplished by constrnctin g the share and landside so that when they are connected they shall form an angle as much less than a rightangle as you wish tocut under the land, and as the share is changed from right to 4left the standard is relatively changed, and the plow cuts under vin both potions the same, as shown in Figs. 3, 4, and 5. To facilitate the cutting under or the beveled cut of the land the beam and cutter are also inclined, as shownin the drawings.

` We make the projection Lon the under side of the beanrA to attach the rear end of the gage-wheel frame P to, and it forms a flexible joint by which the wheel C may be adjusted to the proper depth for the furrow by means of the holes and bolt in the forward end ofthe .wheel-frame. (Shown in Fig. l.)

The cutter Dis fastened tothe beam by means of the bolt E. The beam A is provided with a recess to receive the head of the bolt E. The bolt E goes through the cutter and beam. The head ofthe bolt rests on the cutter. By turning up the uut` the cutter is held firmly in its place in thebeam. (Shown in Fig. 5.)

Operation: By'attaching the team to the plow and moving it forward the share enters' the soil to the depth Aindicated by the gagewheel, which may be adjusted to the depth required by means of the holes in the wheelfraine P. As the plow moves forward the soil is raised by the share and mold-board untilit arrives at the center' of the standard at the line O O, and when turning a furrow to the right the resistance and direction ot' motion of the soil upon the mold-board is shown by the lines m in Figs. l and 3, and as the plow is propelled onward, the soil having been raised to the point upon the mold-board at the line O O, the incid-board now gives the upper por# tion of the furrow-slice a lateral and a turning motion. The plow operates the same when turning a t'urrow tothe left, only that the moldboard is reversed, as indicated in Fig. 2.

The plow being constructed so as to cut nnder or beveling on` the land side, it will readily be seen that this provision facilitates and, in-

deed, insures the laying of tlat l'uri'ows, as the` beveling of the furrows gives abundant room for the turningfurrow-slice to fall in tiatly beside the previously turned slice.

The plow is changed from right to left by raising the changeable brace I and turning the moldboard and share, which turn on the swivel Q and the swivel-brave H, from one side of the beam to the other, and the plow presents precisely the same features and operates precisely the same on eithera left or right hand furrow. The mold-board being convex, and so constructed that a straight-edge will fit the whole length of the incid-board in the direction of lines on and u, and leaving in no part of the mold-board a hollow into which an adhesive soil may stick or load, neither presenting any abrupt fullness requiring extra power to propel the plow, it turns the furrow over with the least amount of draft. Also, by being convex. it more thoroughly pulverizes the soil and turns it completely over, leaving a level surface. By the construction as shown it requires less draft to propel the plow, as the mold-board presents to the soil to be plowed a direct straight wedge,over which the soil passes in the direction of the straight lines m and n.

What we claim as'new,'and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The convex mold-board constructed substantially as described.

2. The projection L. on the beam, for the purpose set forth. n

3. The combination of the recess, the bolt E, and cutter with the beam, for the purpose described.

4. Constructing the share and landside to Swivel-plows so that when combined they shall operate to cut under the landside, whether turning the furrow to the right or left, substantially as described, for the purposes set forth.

FREDERICK HOLBROOK. JAMES A. HOWE. JOEL'NOURSE.

XVitnesses:

JAMES B. RICHARDSON, JOSEPH P. ROGERS. 

